EFFECT OF NISHA AMALAKI YOGA ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN MADHUME-HA (TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS)

Background: Madhumeha is one of the types of Prameha as described in Ayurvedic texts, but it is closely similar to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in terms of aetiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics. The dis-ease is also known to be associated with chronic hyperglycemia, attributed to Agnimandaya (metabolic impair-ment), Kapha-Meda vriddhi (accumulation of lipids), and Ojas kshaya (loss of vital energy). T2DM is an insulin-resistant metabolic disease characterised by dysfunction of the β-cells and oxidative stress, as recognised in modern medicine. Despite the effectiveness of contemporary antidiabetic drugs in regulating blood glucose, they do not address the underlying metabolic imbalance and can lead to the development of adverse effects. Authored with a comprehensive and personalised approach, Ayurveda offers time-tested cures which are meant to restore the metabolic functions and vitality of the tissue. One of these has become quite well known, namely Nisha Amalaki Yoga, which is a classical combination of Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.) and Amalaki (Emblica offici-nalis Gaertn.), and is said to include Pramehahara (antidiabetic) and Rasayana (rejuvenative) effects. Purpose: The objectives of the review include analysing the pharmacological, clinical, and biochemical foundations of Nisha Amalaki Yoga in the treatment of Madhumeha (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) and clarifying its mechanism of action from both Ayurvedic and modern perspectives, as well as assessing evidence-based outcomes, such as glycemic control and metabolic mitigation. Methods: Relevant data were gathered from classical Ayurvedic texts, including the Charaka Samhita, Chakradatta, and Bhaishajya Ratnavali, as well as from contemporary sci-entific databases such as PubMed, the AYUSH Research portal, and Google Scholar. The reviews were con-ducted on clinical and experimental research published over five years (2000-2004) using the keywords Nisha Amalaki Yoga, Curcuma longa, Emblica officinalis, Madhumeha, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Both pharma-codynamic and clinical parameters were examined to understand the overall contribution of the formulation to the metabolic modulation process. Nisha Amalaki Yoga is, after all, an Ayurvedic formulation that is safe, effec-tive, and scientifically proven to manage glycemia in Madhumeha (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus). It has a dual ef-fect, correcting the metabolism and rejuvenating the cells at the same time, as it fixes the cause (Agnimandya) and restores balance in the system (Dosha-Dhatu- Ojas harmony). Its integrated mechanism, situated between conventional Ayurvedic ideas and contemporary biochemical pathways, makes the formulation an excellent can-didate for inclusion in integrative diabetes care. More extensive randomised controlled studies and pharmacoki-netic research are being conducted to validate its efficacy, standardise the dose, and investigate its application in the prevention of diabetic complications.