A Qualitative Study of Secondary School Students' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Prevention of Dental Caries in Kigali, Rwanda

BackgroundDental caries is common among secondary school students. This qualitative study explored their knowledge, attitudes, and oral health practices related to preventing dental caries in Kigali City, Rwanda. MethodsThis research was conducted among secondary school students aged 12–21 years in Kigali. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Eight focus group discussions were held, with field notes and audio recordings used to gather information. Initial codes were set through deductive coding, followed by inductive coding methods. A thematic data analysis approach was employed. ResultsThree themes emerged: “Understanding of dental and its determinants,” “Attitude towards prevention of dental caries,” and “Oral health practices on prevention of dental caries.” A lack of understanding of the causes of dental caries was evident. There was also a gap in proper preventive measures and negative attitudes regarding prevention. Students held misconceptions about the importance of dental care and the consumption of sugary foods, reflecting a lack of knowledge about oral hygiene. ConclusionThis study revealed that secondary school students in Kigali have poor understanding, negative attitudes, and inadequate practices for preventing tooth decay. This study recommends implement comprehensive oral health education.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2025;8(3):565-577