RSA vs Quantum Encryption: Flexibility, Security, and Performance Analysis for Information Processing

Introduction: With the advent of quantum computing, traditional encryption methods face significant challenges in maintaining security. This study explores quantum information processing through quantum communication, providing a comparative analysis of Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) encryption and quantum encryption. Objective: The study aims to analyze the flexibility of RSA and quantum encryption in handling varying data lengths and key sizes, compare their security levels against cryptographic threats, and evaluate their computational efficiency and overall performance. Methods: This study explores an innovative approach for handling quantum information via quantum communication. A detailed comparative analysis of RSA and quantum encryption was conducted based on key parameters such as data length, key size, and computational overhead. Results: When comparing RSA encryption to quantum encryption, RSA encryption consistently maintains a data length of around 37 units, whereas quantum encryption consistently maintains a data length of 100 units. Quantum encryption constantly use 24-bit keys, while RSA keys can have variable lengths ranging from 85 to 785 bits, depending on unique conditions. RSA consistently employs a private key size of 1547 bits, but quantum encryption can adjust the size of the private key based on the length of the password being used. The findings highlight the differences in flexibility and security between the two systems, with quantum encryption showing more flexibility and RSA providing consistent performance. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for quantum-safe cryptographic solutions as the threat of quantum computing grows. While RSA remains a reliable encryption method for current applications, quantum encryption provides a more robust and future-proof approach.