The trends of ocular problems among Type II diabetes patients in El-Obeid

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and manuclopathy (DM) are the primary causes of vision loss in the global working population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic maculopathy (DM) among individuals with diabetes in Sudan during the Sudan War in 2023. Methodology: A prospective descriptive study was carried out at El-Obeid International Hospital in North Kordofan State, Sudan, from August 2023 to April 2024. Approximately 100 individuals took part. This study recruited known cases of diabetes mellitus who attended a diabetes mullet's clinic, as well as 100 non-diabetic people as the control group. Results: Among a group of 100 people diagnosed with diabetes, 30% were found to have eye problems. Specifically, 57% of these patients had diabetic maculopathy, while 43% had diabetic retinopathy. The majority of patients with diabetic maculopathy were between the ages of 37 and 47, while 23.5% of patients fell within the age category of 48 to 58 years. When it comes to gender, the majority of patients with diabetic retinopathy were girls, accounting for 84.6%. Similarly, in the case of maculopathy, 64.7% of the patients were female. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy are widespread in Sudan. Dementia is more prevalent among the elderly population, although diabetes mellitus can be seen in individuals of all age groups. The prevalence of both DR and DM is greater in females than in males.