Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik Tipe Aman dan Tipe Bahaya di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2022-2024

Abstract: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity marked by tympanic membrane perforation and persistent or recurrent otorrhea for more than two months. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the safe and unsafe types of CSOM at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital in years 2022-2024. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using the total sampling technique. The results obtained 103 patients of safe type (64.4%) and 57 patients of unsafe type (35.6%). The most frequent age group for both types was 20-59 years, with a predominance of females (53.4%) in safe type and males in unsafe type (54.4%). Most of the patients had a middle level of education. The most common symptom in both types was otorrhea (100%) with central perforation was frequently found in safe type of CSOM (45.6%) and attic perforation was most common in unsafe type of CSOM (22.5%). The most frequent treatment was conservative in safe type (51.5%), while conservative and surgery were more frequent in unsafe type (54.4%). In conclusion, the safe type of CSOM was more commonly found. The majority of patients were adults with a middle level of education. Female predominated in safe type, whereas male predominated in unsafe type. The most frequent symptom was otorrhea. Central perforation was most commonly found in safe type and attic perforation in unsafe type. The safe type was treated conservatively, whereas the unsafe type was commonly treated with a combination of conservative and surgery.   Keywords: chronic suppurative otitis media; safe type; unsafe type   Abstrak: Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) adalah inflamasi kronik telinga tengah dan rongga mastoid yang ditandai dengan temuan perforasi membran timpani dan otore secara menetap atau berulang selama lebih dari dua bulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik OMSK tipe aman dan tipe bahaya di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D.  Kandou tahun 2022-2024. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan teknik total sampling.  Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 103 pasien tipe aman (64,4%) dan 57 pasien tipe bahaya (35,6%). Kelompok usia terbanyak kedua tipe ialah usia 20-59 tahun, dengan dominasi perempuan pada tipe aman (53,4%) dan laki-laki pada tipe bahaya (54,4%). Sebagian besar pasien berpendidikan menengah. Gejala tersering kedua tipe ialah otore (100%) dengan perforasi sentral terbanyak ditemukan pada OMSK tipe aman (45,6%) dan perforasi atik pada OMSK tipe bahaya (22,5%). Penanganan terbanyak ialah konservatif pada tipe aman (51,5%), sedangkan konservatif dan pembedahan pada tipe bahaya (54,4%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah OMSK tipe aman lebih sering dijumpai. Mayoritas pasien usia dewasa dengan tingkat pendidikan menengah. Perempuan lebih banyak pada tipe aman, sedangkan laki-laki pada tipe bahaya. Gejala tersering ialah otore. Perforasi sentral paling banyak ditemukan pada tipe aman dan perforasi atik pada tipe bahaya. Tipe aman ditangani secara konservatif, sedangkan pada tipe bahaya umumnya kombinasi terapi konservatif dan pembedahan. Kata kunci: otitis media supuratif kronik; tipe aman; tipe bahaya