A Serological identification of anti-adenovirus antibodies in children with respiratory infection under five years in Nasiriyah city,Iraq.

Childhood respiratory tract infections are serious and dangerous clinical forms that occur around the world, and adenoviruses represent one of the most significant viruses that cause these respiratory infections in children. The three species B, C, and E of the adenovirus  are mostly responsible for these infections. In addition, rapid identification of adenoviruses is absolutely necessary to prevent overuse of antibiotics in patients, prevent a local epidemic of adenoviruses, and treat severe infections that may cause serious and fatal disease.    The current study was designed to detect the prevalence of the adenovirus antibodies in children in Nasiriyah city ,Iraq . For this reason, the blood samples were collected from August 2022 to May 2023 from patients less than five years old who were hospitalized at the Muhammad Al-Musawi and Bint Al-Huda hospitals.  The samples were obtained from fifty children infected with ARTI. Concerning the children with immunosuppressed conditions, underlying illnesses, and persistent pulmonary abnormalities, they were prohibited. All individuals were investigated for the detection of Adenovirus-IgM and IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The adenovirus Igm antibodies were found in 9 percent of respiratory patients, and the highest rate was found in males 24 (29.17%), compared to females 2 (7.69%), and the highest rate of Igm antibodies in the age group 1 day–12 month was 58.33 percent. The results were statistically significant (p < 0.05).   The higher rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies was found in 23 (46%) of adenovirus patients, and the highest rate was found in males (66.67%) than that in females (26.92%), and the highest rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies in the age group 37–60 months was (64.0%), while the lowest rate in the age groups 1–12 months was (8.33%). The results were statistically significant (p < 0.05).