A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HYSTEROSCOPY AND TRANSVAGINAL ULTRA SONOGRAPHY IN THE EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological condition which signicantly affects reproductive health and a woman's lifestyle. The precise assessment of AUB is necessary for allowing the clinicians to select the best treatment methods and ensure better health outcomes. The goal of this research was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy versus transvaginal sonography (TVS) for the diagnosis of AUB among women of reproductive age. Objectives: The basic target of this research work was to evaluate the reliability of hysteroscopy and TVS to identify intracavitary abnormalities that are associated with AUB. Besides the primary objective of dening the clinical picture of women who present with AUB, other objectives included an assessment of the prevalence of different uterine pathologies. Methodology: The prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2022 to March 2023 at JJ Hospital, including 65 reproductive-aged women with AUB. The patients went through both hysteroscopy and TVS to diagnose the problem. Clinical history, demographic data, and radiology ndings were recorded. Diagnostic performance parameters like sensitivity, specicity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated for hysteroscopy and TVS. Findings: Women aged 35-49 years with menorrhagia constituted the primary study population, with menorrhagia being the most common symptom. Hysteroscopy showed a higher diagnostic accuracy as compared to TVS, showing its superiority in the identication of intracavitary irregularities like endometrial polyps, submucous broids, and intrauterine connections. TVS demonstrated a greater precision in differentiating between endometrial hyperplasia. Anemia was a common diagnosis in the study group, which is evidence of the systemic consequences of AUB on women's health. Conclusion: Our study thus emphasizes the synergistic roles of hysteroscopy and TVS in the diagnostic work up of AUB. Hysteroscopy is the technique of choice for detection of intracavitary pathologies, but TVS remains a crucial tool for the rst screening. The obtained results have clinical implications in which the sequential diagnostic approach is regarded as a central issue of clinical practice and patient care optimization as well as clinical outcomes improvement in women with abnormal uterine bleeding.