An Exploration of Loess Landform Development Based on Population Ecology Method

The study of gully characteristics is one of the most effective ways to explore the loess landform development in the Loess Plateau of China. However, current studies mostly focus on gullies’ overall characteristics and ignore the different composition of the whole gully system. Therefore, a new perspective is provided in this paper for exploring loess landform development from the population characteristics of the gully system. Firstly, different types of gullies were extracted based on DEM and high-resolution images in three sample watersheds, including hillslope ephemeral gully, bank gully and different-level valley gully. Secondly, population characteristics from the amount, length, age structure and convergent relationship were calculated and analyzed by referring to the biological population in ecology. Finally, the development stages of loess landform in three watersheds were explored based on their population characteristics. The results showed that: (1) The population characteristics, including number density, length density, age structure and convergence, were obviously different in three sample watersheds. (2) The development differences of three watersheds were obtained by synthesizing all population characteristics: Linjiajian was the most developed and oldest watershed, followed by Yangjiaju and then Wangjiagou. (3) The comparison based on the existing soil erosion intensity map and predisposing factors proved that the findings of this paper were more reasonable than that of the traditional hypsometric integral. This research provides a new quantitative-based approach to explore the development degree of loess landform from the gully population, and is a beneficial attempt to combine geomorphology and ecology, further supplementing and improving the study of loess landform development.