Verrucous Carcinoma in Association with Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Rare Case Report

A BSTRACT Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma, typically associated with tobacco use, characterized by its locally aggressive behavior and benign clinicopathological features. Conversely, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) represents a chronic fibrotic condition associated with betel nut chewing, with a significant risk of malignant transformation. The coexistence of verrucous carcinoma (VC) and OSMF is relatively rare, presenting diagnostic and management challenges. In this case, we report a case of VC arising in association with OSMF in a 65-year-old male patient with a history of betel nut chewing. The patient presented with persistent pain in the oral cavity, and clinical examination revealed characteristic findings suggestive of both VC and OSMF. The histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of VC in the background of OSMF. Surgical intervention was performed, highlighting the importance of early detection and comprehensive management in such cases. This report underscores the need for increased awareness among clinicians regarding the association between VC and OSMF and emphasizes the importance of careful monitoring and long-term follow-up to detect recurrence or malignant transformation.