Ideological and phonetic analysis of the Old Testament Christian and Jewish name of God יהוה

The article is devoted to the analysis of the historical, cultural, linguacultural and theological aspects of the tetragrammaton יהוה, used in the texts of the Jewish Tanakh and the Christian Bible as the name of God. The author examines the phonetic reconstruction, Masoretic vocalization and cultural and ideological semantics of the tetragrammaton in the context of Jewish and Christian hermeneutics. The research examines its phonetic reading, vocalizations and cultural and ideological significance in the context of Judaism and Christianity. The study focuses on the comparison of lexical and phonetic pronunciation variants of the tetragrammaton, such as "Jehovah" and "Yahweh", as well as on the analysis of their etymological origin. The study compares the pronunciation options of the name - "Jehovah" and "Yahweh", considers the reasons for their occurrence, and also, based on linguocultural factors, a conclusion is made about the more correct from theological point of view, pronunciation and spelling of the tetragrammaton in languages other than Hebrew. Particular attention is paid to the influence of biblical onomastics and translation strategies on the loss and transformation of the phonetic appearance of the name of God יהוה. The author analyzes the prohibitions on the pronunciation of the name in Judaism, their historical and theological roots, as well as the ways of replacing the tetragrammaton with titles ("Lord") in Christian texts and in later editions of the Tanakh. The article uses the methods of comparative-historical and contrastive linguistics, as well as the principles of biblical exegesis and linguistic hermeneutics. The originality of the work lies in the integration of linguacultural analysis with a historical-religious approach, which allows for a deeper understanding of the cultural and symbolic meaning of the tetragrammaton in the Jewish and Christian traditions.