The reaction of fiber flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.) to the content of aluminum ions <i>in vitro</i> culture

Relevance. The influence of unfavorable environmental factors is one of the reasons for the low realization of the biological capabilities of modern flax varieties in production conditions. Cultivation of flax on soils with strongly acidic (pHKCl 4.5 and below) and neutral (pHKCl over 6.0) reactions leads to a significant decrease in the productivity of fiber and seeds. Biotechnological methods are effective in creating new forms with altered features and properties.Methods. The studies were conducted in vitro. The source material is seeds and hypocotyl segments of flax varieties-dolguntsa Impulse, Phoenix, Leader, S-108, Soyuz. The selective agent in the studies was aluminum salts in the form of AlCl3 at concentrations of 0 (control — H2O dist. / nutrient medium (without selective agent), 44 mg/l, 64 mg/l, 84 mg/l.Results. The toxic effect of AlCl3 on the germination of fiber flax seeds, the formation of primary roots and seedlings — hypocotyls of the varieties used was revealed. The indicator of the value indicating the length of primary roots in germinated fiber flax seeds decreased on the seventh day with an increase in the concentration of the AlCl3 solution. The highest sensitivity to the content of aluminum ions was shown by varieties S-108, Leader and Soyuz. This was expressed in a decrease in the length of the hypocotyl with an increase in the concentration of aluminum ions in the solution. In genotypes in all variants of studies on a selective medium containing AlCl3, a morphogenic callus was formed. The frequency of formation of morphogenic calli was different depending on the concentration of AlCl3 in the cultivation medium. A trend towards a decrease in the number of morphogenic cells with an increase in the concentration of aluminum ions was observed in all varieties. In less sensitive varieties (Impulse and Phoenix), the amount of morphogenic callus formed was higher than in more sensitive ones (C-108, Soyuz, Leader). Under selective conditions, shoots of flax of the studied varieties resistant to AlCl3 were obtained.