Control Effects of Huizhou Depression Tectonic Evolution on the Paleogene Formation Sedimentary Differences

Abstract Huizhou Depression is in the exploration peak stage at present. The main target layer is gradually extending from the middle-shallow traps to the deep paleogene traps and the shallow lithologic traps, and the difficulty of exploration is totally increased. Paleogene layer oil&gas exploration is faced with the problems of deep buried depth, reservoir heterogeneity and uncertain distribution of high-quality hydrocarbon sources. By combining tectonic evolution analysis with sequence stratigraphy, considering regional stress background and the utilizing of the seismic facies, the main faults tectonic features, stratigraphic sedimentary characteristics, the distribution position of sedimentary center and the control effect of the palaeogeomorphology on the sedimentary distribution range deposited from the transition zone are analyzed. It is concluded that the lower Wenchang period's tectonic movement was dominated by the southern depression control fault, and the semideep-deep lacustrine high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks were mainly distributed in the south of the Huizhou Depression, such as HZ 26 Sag and the subsag of the XJ30 Sag. The braided river delta deposited from XJ30 transfer zone is mainly distributed along the west side of the long axis of XJ30 sag, and the semideep-deep lacustrine facies mudstone is formed in the east of XJ30 Sag. In the upper Wenchang period, the activity of the depression control faults in the northwest of the Huizhou Depression becomes stronger than the south, which influences the sedimentary center migrated from southeast to the northwest. The sediment provenance of XJ30 transfer zone deposits perpendicular to the long axis of the XJ30, and the long braided river delta is formed in the south side of the XJ24 Sag. In Enping period, which is changed from strong rift phase to rift-depression transition phase, the shallow lacustrine-swamp facies are taken as the main source rocks, and shallow braided river delta is widely developed, while the sediment from the provenance of XJ30 transfer zone is weakened. The northern and southern migration of the transfer zone provenance river delta and the northern and southern distribution characteristics of the source rocks of semideep-deep lacustrine facies are caused by the differences of the northern and southern fault activities during the Paleogene period. Through the combination of structural evolution analysis and sedimentary characteristics analysis, the analysis of paleogeomorphology's effect on the control of sedimentary system is of great importance to the identification of high-quality paleogene reservoirs and hydrocarbon sources.