Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives Using Organocatalysts: A Review

Abstract: 1,2,3-Triazole is an aromatic, five-membered, π-excessive heterocycle with a 6π electron ring system, comprised of three regular nitrogen atoms. 1,2,3-Triazoles possess a broad spectrum of bioactivities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiviral, and anti-HIV activity. Several compounds containing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety have been employed as drugs in the market. In organic synthesis, these heterocycles also play an important role as building blocks for different transformations. Furthermore, applications of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as agrochemicals, corrosion retardants, polymers, optical brighteners, photostabilizers, pigments, and metal chelators have also well reported. Due to a wide range of applications, the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles has attracted tremendous research interest of chemists, and a huge number of studies on the synthesis of these heterocycles have been published over the years. In this review article, we focus on the use of organocatalysts for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles. 62 studies on the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles have been collected and analyzed. We also try to describe reaction mechanisms as fully as possible. The study might be useful for chemists who work in heterocyclic synthesis or medicinal chemistry.