A Case of Fungal Olecranon Bursitis: An Intruder Caught Completely Off Guard!

Abstract Olecranon bursitis is characterized by inflammation of the bursa and its effective management hinges on distinguishing between aseptic and septic etiologies. Infectious bursitis caused by fungi are rare and typically follows a more indolent course, which may lead to delay in diagnosis and treatment. We present the case of a of a 65-year-old male farmer who presented with a year-long left elbow swelling suspected to be bursitis. Cytology of the aspirate with the use of special stains coupled with culture identified a zygomycetes fungi of the Entomophthorales species. Fungal culture played a pivotal role in confirming diagnosis and guiding targeted antifungal treatment. The distinctive hyphal morphology and histopathological features of Entomophthorales contribute to our understanding of this fungus. This case highlights the complexities of olecranon bursitis, emphasizing the need for precise diagnostic and treatment strategies tailored to fungal etiologies for optimal patient outcomes.