EVOLUTION OF INSURANCE LEGISLATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of insurance legislation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the processes of digital transformation in the insurance sector. The aim of the research is to identify the stages of development of the legal regulation system of insurance activities in Kazakhstan from the moment of gaining independence to the present day, to reveal the content of the main legislative reforms, and to assess the impact of digitalization on the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of the insurance market. The subject of the research is the system of regulatory legal acts governing insurance activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan, legislative changes aimed at digitalizing the insurance market, as well as legal relations between insurance organizations, government bodies, and consumers of insurance services. Both general scientific and special legal methods were used in the course of the study. In particular, the historical-legal method, formal-legal method, comparative legal analysis, systemic approach, logical analysis, and methods of synthesis were widely applied. As a result of the study, it was found that Kazakhstan's insurance legislation has evolved from a fragmented system in the initial stages to a modern, multi-level, digitalized, and consumer-oriented regulatory framework. It has been substantiated that digital transformation has contributed to improving the quality of insurance services, the development of online insurance, electronic contracts, pre-trial dispute resolution, and the enhanced effectiveness of the insurance ombudsman institution. The scientific conclusions obtained have practical value for the further improvement of insurance legislation, the development of legal practice, and the adaptation of the insurance market to the digital environment. Moreover, these findings can be applied in the educational process, including in insurance law courses, research activities, and legislative drafting practice.