A Review of Carbon Nanotubes and Alloys Synthesized by the Laser Ablation Technique

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a nanostructure have revolutionized the field of nanotechnology. They are promising candidates for a wide range of potential optoelectronic and medical applications. Carbon nanotubes can be classified into carbon nanofibers, single-walled nanotubes, and multiple-walled nanotubes. This paper reviews the various synthesis (like arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapour deposition) with a special focus on laser ablation, and characterization methods for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used to meet the extensive demands owing to their distinctive properties, including exceptional strength and elevated thermal and electrical conductivities. Despite the significant demand for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), their cost remains the primary concern due to the temperature-sensitive synthesis processes and substantial set-up expenses. The laser ablation (PLA) method is the sole technique for decreasing the cost of CNTs. It additionally outlines the advantages and challenges of PLA in the production processes and applications of CNTs. CNTs and their alloys are advanced materials that can address these challenges. They are examined in applications such as sensors, batteries, detectors, and the medical field. However, since it is still challenging to identify comprehensive and reliable parameters and conditions to control their properties, the review suggests more research on laser ablation for CNT production.