Land Use and Energy Comparison of grid-connected Monocrystalline, and Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer Solar Technologies using advanced PVsyst Software (A Case Study in Kabul Province, Afghanistan)

This study aims to compare the performance and land use requirements of grid-connected monocrystalline and heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer (HIT) solar technologies in Kabul Province, Afghanistan, using advanced PVsyst software. A 3 kWp PV system was designed and simulated for both technologies. The results show that HIT panels outperform monocrystalline panels in terms of annual energy production and performance ratio (PR). HIT panels generated 6108 kWh annually with a PR of 85.49%, while monocrystalline panels produced 5969.5 kWh with a PR of 83.56%. Additionally, HIT panels required approximately 8.1% less installation area compared to monocrystalline panels, making them more space-efficient. The findings suggest that the adoption of HIT solar technology can lead to improved energy output and more efficient use of available land, contributing to more sustainable and effective solar energy solutions in the region. Despite potentially higher initial costs, HIT panels can provide better long-term benefits through higher efficiency and lower land use requirements. Further research is recommended to explore the cost-benefit analysis, long-term performance evaluation, sensitivity analysis, grid integration, and policy frameworks related to HIT solar technology in Afghanistan. By addressing these areas, a more comprehensive understanding of the practical implementation and long-term sustainability of HIT solar technology can be achieved, ultimately supporting the transition towards more efficient and environmentally-friendly renewable energy solutions in the country.