Minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Background: The application of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has expanded rapidly in recent decades. Although multiple authors have reported LLR shows improved safety and efficacy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with open liver resection (OLR), laparoscopic and open major liver resections for HCC treatment remain inadequately evaluated. Objective: To determine minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for HCC Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, Pakistan, which was performed between August 2022 to February 2024, The total number of patients in our study were 100. The number of female patients in our study were 29 and males were 71. For all patients, we did diagnostic tests before surgery blood test, Ultrasound and biopsy. Our main focus was on open surgery versus minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We excluded pregnant women in our study. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 27. Result: In a current study total 100 patients were enrolled. The minimum age of patients were 52 years and the maximum age of the patients were 92 years. The mean age were 65.95±8.428 years. The minimum BMI of patients were 21 kg/m2 and the maximum BMI of the patients were 39 kg/m2. The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 2 cm patients were 39, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 3 cm patients were 39, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 4 cm patients were 3, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 5 cm patients were 19. The frequency of open HCC surgery who have large scar, more bleeding and more pain were 50 patients and the frequency of minimally invasive HCC surgery who have less scar, less bleeding and less pain were in 50 patients. The frequency of early detection of HCC on CT scan were in 20 patients and on ultrasound were in 80 patients. Complications of HCC, Ascites were 8%, Blood loss were 11 %, Pleural effusion were 8% and no complications in 73 % of patients. In our study P-Value were less than (< 0.05). Conclusion: We concluded in our study that minimally invasive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgery patients recover faster as compare to open surgery. Minimally invasive procedures patients stay less in hospital as compared to open surgery. HCC is common in the right lobe of the liver as compared to the left lobe of the liver. Comparing minimally invasive surgery to open surgery for patients undergoing liver resection, the patient has a lower incidence of surgical wound and organ infections after the procedure. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was mostly diagnosed in old age people. Male patients were more in our study as compared to females.