Retrospective Evaluation of Management Strategies for Zygomatic Complex Fractures: Surgical vs. Nonsurgical Interventions

Objectives: The goal of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical therapies in the treatment of zygomatic complex fractures after a year. Materials and Methods: There were 100 patients with zygomatic complicated fractures in total; 50 of them underwent surgery and 50 underwent nonsurgical therapy. The one-year follow-up investigated aesthetic and practical elements, such as malar symmetry, ocular movement, occlusion, mouth opening, complications, and neurosensory impacts. Results: The findings showed that 45 of the 46 patients who received surgical intervention had appropriate face contour and malar alignment. Each patient maintained enophthalmos-free normal eye movement and posture. There was tolerable occlusion, and a 49 mm average mouth opening was achieved without pain. One patient experienced minor ectropion, and five patients developed wound infections. Persistent infraorbital neurosensory abnormalities affected 19 subjects. After a year, radiographic analysis showed that all patients had excellent facial contour and adequate fracture alignment. However, the orbital floor placements of three individuals who underwent orbital reconstruction varied. Notably, neither orbital floor problems nor zygomatic complex problems necessitated reoperations or additional modifications in any patients. Conclusions: The study concludes that nonsurgical treatments are preferable for nondisplaced fractures while surgical intervention is useful for depressed zygomatic complex fractures. For most of occurrences, an intraoral approach with firm obsession at the zygomaticomaxillary support is adequate. A second obsession technique including openness of the zygomaticofrontal intersection or sub-par orbital edge is expected for severely uprooted breaks. This inside and out assessment offers accommodating bits of knowledge into the results and treatment decisions for zygomatic confounded breaks.