Effect of thyroid function on periodontitis in U.S. population

Abstract Background Thyroid dysfunction can lead to bone metabolism disorders and osteoporosis. Periodontitis is the most common oral disease, with alveolar bone resorption destruction as one of the main characteristics, and is associated with a variety of systemic diseases. Clinical and animal studies have shown that people with thyroid disorders are also at higher risk for osteoporosis. The progression of periodontitis may be accelerated by thyroid dysfunction because it may influence immune factor production and bone metabolism, which in turn inhibits alveolar osteogenesis and promotes bone resorption. This study analyze the correlative linkages between periodontitis and thyroid function. Methods This study used public data in two cycles of NHANES(2009–2010 and 2011–2012) for analysis. Participants were split into two groups on the basis of their status of periodontal condition: those without periodontitis and those who had it. We looked into the connection between periodontitis and thyroid function using a weighted logistic regression model. Then, using subgroup analysis, the potential contributing factors were explored. Results A total of 2352 subjects were included, and multiple regression models showed that after adjusting for all covariates, the low TSH level group was significantly associated with a 0.1-unit increase in periodontitis (adjusted for OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01–2.17; p for trend = 0.048). According to the findings of the subgroup analysis, relationships between the two is remarkable despite variations in sex, age, vitamin D levels, and smoking status. Conclusion Periodontitis and thyroid function are tightly coupled, and that the onset of periodontitis is highly correlated with low TSH levels. Clinical relevance: Patients with low serum TSH levels are more likely to have periodontitis. Stomatologists should focus more on thyroid disease patients, consider how systemic illnesses affect oral health, and enhance the standard of diagnosis and treatment.