Application Value of Serum Cytokines in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia in Children

Objective: To analyze the relationship between cytokines and clinical manifestations of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection and to investigate the clinical value of cytokines in RSV pneumonia. Methods: Clinical data of RSV positive children admitted to the pediatrics department of Zhengzhou People’s Hospital from November 2021 to June 2023. They were divided into three groups according to different ages, 1-11 months, 12-23 months, 24-36 months, and wheezing group and no wheezing group according to the presence of complications. The clinical data of the children in different groups were compared, and the clinical significance of the children with RSV pneumonia was analyzed by measuring the serum cytokine levels. Results: A total of 64 children were included, 35 from 1-11,16 from 12-23 and 13 in 24-36. There were 35 patients with wheezing and 29 patients with no wheezing. Complications were found in 6 cases and 58 cases were without complications. SPO2 , N and CRP in the 1-November group were lower than those in the 12-2 March group, L was higher than that in the 12-23-month group, the proportion of severe, oxygen inhalation, three concave sign, R, P, IL-8, L were higher than those in the 23-36 month group, Oxygen Saturation (SPO2 ), C-Reactive Proteins (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT) below the 23-3 June group, the difference is statistically significant; 12-23 month group: CDSS, R, IL-8 were higher than the 24-36 month group. The PCT was lower than that in the 24-3 June group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Clinical characteristics and cytokine analysis of patients with wheezing group and no wheezing group: the fever days, IL-2, and lymphocyte count were higher in patients without wheezing, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). In terms of length of stay, R, P, IL-1 β, IL-6, and IL-8, patients with complications were higher than patients without complications, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 are related with different clinical symptoms and have certain guiding significance for clinical application. IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 have different expression levels. IL-2 may be related with wheezing, and IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 may be related to complications, which has certain guiding significance for clinical application.