Paediatric surgery

This chapter covers paediatric operations. Procedures like rigid bronchoscopy, chest drain insertion, and central venous catheter insertion are described. Common operations of abscess drainage, appendicectomy, laparoscopy, gastrostomy, circumcision, epigastric and umbilical hernia repair, external angular dermoid cyst excision, inguinal hernia, and hydrocele are all outlined. Other operations described are fundoplication, ileostomy formation, pyloromyotomy, small-bowel resection and anastomosis. Surgery for intussusception, small-bowel atresia, meconium ileus, and oesophageal atresia are included. Urological operations include orchidopexy, scrotal exploration, cystoscopy, endoscopic correction of vescico urteric reflux (VUR), insertion and removal of JJ stent, vesicostomy, suprapubic catheter insertion, nephrectomy, repair of hypospadias, bladder augmentation, and Anderson Hynes pyeloplasty.