First NATI autotractor diesels

At the end of the 20s of the last century, automotive diesels made their debut on the markets of European countries. In the USSR, the Scientific Automobile Engine Institute in 1929 began to test tractors running on oil, and research their engines. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in searching for the key points that influenced the creation of the first automobile-type diesels by the Scientific Automotive Institute, the choice of the type and characteristics of these engines; identifying the factors that influenced the implementation of these structures in metal. (Materials and methods) The first directive decisions on automotive dieselmotors appeared in the USSR in 1929; they were set out in the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) of July 29, 1929. "On the state of defense of the USSR". NATI-1-60 diesel and its NATI 2-40 version for the automotive industry has been developed by the Research Automobile and Motor Institute. The NATI-1-60 diesel had a power of 60 horsepower at 1600 rpm; NATI-2-40 diesel was designed for wheeled tractors of the “International” type, had a power of 40 horsepower at 1400 rpm. (Results and discussion) The production of prototype engines was complicated by the lack of production facilities at NATI, and the production of prototypes at the Institute's plant was not carried out. The government did not allocate currency for the purchase of imported equipment. (Conclusions) The Automobile and Motor Research Institute, not being able to produce its own diesel engines, tried to do this through broad cooperation between domestic enterprises. However, the construction of the first diesels faced the reluctance of the giant factories to produce them, despite the guidelines. This caused a delay in the dieselefication of the country's automotive engine industry at the initial stage.