Tolerance of Dosed Physical Loads in the Rehabilitation of Patients With a Recent Experience of Myocardial Infarction or Unstable Angina

Abstract Objective: The study of reaction to dosed physical load of patient with recent experience of myocardial infarction or unstable angina to assess objectively physical condition and performance, to appoint an adequate individual program of physical rehabilitation and to optimize the effectiveness of the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation of this category of patients.Design: Study and observational analysis.Parameter: The subsidiary «Sanatorium-resort rehabilitation center «Slaviansk resort», the sanatorium «Yubileiny», Ukraine.Participants: Patients with recent experience of myocardial infarction or unstable angina who arrived at the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation from cardiological hospitals of Donetsk and Lugansk regions (Ukraine).Intervention: Non-invasive treatment (i.e. therapeutic exercise)Results: 3530 patients who arrived at the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation from cardiological hospitals of Donetsk and Lugansk regions (Ukraine) on 29,4 ±2,4 day of illness were examined. Men accounted for 64%, women - 36%. The average age of the patients was 54,4 ±1,8 years old. 1127 people (31,93 %) had a Q-positive myocardial infarction (MI), 388 people (10,99 %) – a Q-negative, 2015 people (57,08 %) – an unstable angina.When studying the tolerance to dosed physical activity, threshold or inadequate reactions were observed in 144 patients (12.78%) who had Q-positive myocardial infarction, 13 patients (3.35%) who had Q-negative myocardial infarction and 89 patients (4.42%) who had unstable angina. Threshold or inadequate responses in patients with recent experience of Q-positive myocardial infarction were recorded 3-4 times more often. The electrocardiographic examination revealed most often changes in the terminal part of the ventricular complex in the form of inversion or reversal of T waves, to a greater extent in patients who had Q-positive myocardial infarction.Conclusions: It was found in the course of study that patients with recent experience of Q-positive myocardial infarction master less physical activity at the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation than patients of other groups. Our study has shown that an insufficient level of physical activity does not give an optimal effect in increasing the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system and the body as a whole, and insufficient control of an increase in the level of physical activity is fraught with negative consequences.Careful selection of optimal physical activity for this category of patients allowed to prescribe adequate physical activity to patients and avoid possible complications.