Epidemiological Spectrum of Paediatric Dermatoses in a Tertiary Care Setting, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Background: Paediatric dermatoses constitute a significant proportion of outpatient visits in dermatology and paediatric clinics, particularly in developing countries. The pattern of skin diseases in children varies with geography, climate, socioeconomic status, hygiene practices, and access to healthcare. Understanding the epidemiological spectrum is essential for early diagnosis, effective management, and formulation of preventive strategies. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile and relative frequency of various paediatric dermatoses in children attending a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital (Skin Outdoor), Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2025 to July 2025. A total of 500 paediatric patients aged 0–14 years presenting with dermatological complaints were included. Detailed history taking, clinical examination, and relevant investigations were performed where necessary. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among 500 children, infestations and infections constituted the majority of cases. Scabies was the most common dermatosis (55%), followed by atopic dermatitis (20%). Fungal infections included tinea corporis (5%), tinea capitis with kerion (1%), and scabies with tinea corporis overlap (5%). Papulosquamous disorders included psoriasis (3%) and lichen planus (4%). Pediculosis accounted for 4% of cases. Other dermatoses such as vitiligo, genetic disorders, pityriasis versicolor, seborrhoeic dermatitis, photodermatitis, and juvenile plantar dermatosis collectively constituted 3% of cases. Conclusion: Infestations and eczematous disorders predominate among paediatric dermatoses in this tertiary care setting. Scabies remains a major public health concern. Improved hygiene, health education, and early dermatological consultation can significantly reduce disease burden.