Comparison of Dominant vs Non-Dominant Achilles Tendon Stiffness and the Effect of Fatigue

Abstract The Achilles tendon plays a crucial role in various movements such as walking, running, and jumping. It’s stiffness is an important factor in determining overall function and performance. A comparison between dominant and non-dominant Achilles tendon stiffness is studied using a shear wave elastography method. Wave speed changes between different levels of contraction can be precisely detected. Tendon load can be monitored using shear wave elastography using surface mounted accelerometers. The dominant side typically refers to the limb that is used more frequently or is stronger in activities such as kicking a ball (for example, the right leg for a right-handed person). We also investigated the effect of doing the fatigue exercise on the Achilles tendon after a fatigue exercise of stair climbing, and then checked the stiffness of the tendon again using shear wave elastography. Five healthy subjects, including males and females, with ages ranging from 20 to 50 years old, were taken as subjects to find the differences in their tendon. In individuals who engage in asymmetrical activities or sports, the dominant Achilles tendon may experience greater loading and stress compared to the non-dominant side. Asymmetrical activities refer to tasks or movements that are primarily performed using one side of the body over the other. These activities involve a preference or dominance of one limb or side of the body, resulting in unequal use or loading between the left and right sides. As a result of increased use and loading, the dominant Achilles tendon may exhibit higher stiffness compared to the non-dominant side. Dominant Achilles tendon may provide better support and stability during activities that heavily involve the dominant limb. The non-dominant side typically refers to the limb that is used less frequently or is weaker in asymmetrical activities. The non-dominant Achilles tendon may experience less loading and stress compared to the dominant side, particularly in activities where the dominant limb takes precedence. It’s essential to note that the difference in stiffness between the dominant and non-dominant Achilles tendons may vary among individuals based on factors such as activity level, training history, and any asymmetries in biomechanics or muscle strength. Additionally, any significant difference in stiffness between the two sides may have implications for injury risk and performance, highlighting the importance of addressing asymmetries through appropriate training and rehabilitation strategies.