Gadaa system: Indigenous political and administration system of Oromo people in Ethiopia

The primary goal is to critically analyze the Gadaa system, focusing on its roles in conflict resolution, environmental protection, and women's rights within the framework of Oromo governance. The study utilizes secondary data sources, including peer-reviewed journals, books, and government strategies, to gather relevant information about the Gadaa system. The research reveals that the Gadaa system is a democratic political, social, and cultural system that has been practiced by the Oromo for centuries. It emphasizes principles and rules, such as the Seera Gumii, which are designed to protect scarce natural resources and manage their usage effectively. The Gadaa system is noted for its indigenous knowledge in adjudicating both civilian and criminal cases, showcasing its relevance in contemporary governance. The abstract highlights the Gadaa system's egalitarian features in decision-making, accountability, inclusivity, participation, and leadership development, contrasting it with Western democratic paradigms.