Complete Mitochondrial Genome and its Phylogenetic Analysis of Gastrophysa atrocyanea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Gastrophysa atrocyanea, it has good control over common Polygonaceae weeds in farmland, such as Rumex dentatus. With the advancement of sequencing technology, mitochondrial genome sequence analysis has become an essential tool in phylogenetic research. This study aimed to determine the mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea and compare the characteristics of mitochondrial genomes among 25 insects within the Chrysomelidae family to explore its phylogenetic status and evolutionary relationships within the family. The mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea is 17,150bp in length, comprising 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and a typical A+T-rich region found in other Coleoptera mitochondrial genomes. Among these, 4 of the 13 PCGs are encoded on the N strand, while the remaining 9 genes are encoded on the J strand. The start codon for ND1 is TTG, for ND2, COII, ATP8, ND3, ND5, and ND6 it is ATT. The start codons for ATP6, COIII, ND4, ND4L, and CYTB are ATT. Among these 13 PCGs, the termination codons for ND2, ND4L, ND6, COIII, ATP6, and ATP8 are TAA, the termination codons for ND3, CYTB, and ND1 are TAG, while the remaining four PCGs use a single T residue as the termination codon. All tRNAs exhibit typical cloverleaf structures except for tRNASer1. The complete mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea was first obtained successfully, which is 17,150 bp in length. It comprises 37 genes and an A+T-rich region, following the ancestral gene arrangement of all arthropods. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Gastrophysa polygoni and G. atrocyanea clustered together with high node support. Additionally, G. atrocyanea clustered with Altica, Chaetocnema, Argopistes, Galerucella, Diabrotica, Gastrolina, and Monolepta, forming a highly supported clade. In the ML analysis, the node support for clusters such as Chaetocnema with Argopistes, Diabrotica with (Gastrolina+Monolepta), and Gastrolina with Monolepta was not high.