Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome in Children: Modern Data

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (Kinsbourne encephalopathy) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by combination of abnormal eye movements (opsoclonus), myoclonus, and cerebellar ataxia. Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome develops primarily in children due to immune system pathology associated with infectious or oncological diseases. If this syndrome is comorbid to neuroblastoma, timely diagnosis and complex management determine prognosis for patient’s life and nervous system functions recovery. The variety of factors triggering immunopathological process determines the need for differential diagnosis with wide range of diseases and raising medical community awareness about this rare syndrome. Therapeutic approaches have been being improved due to clinical data accumulation, long-term consequences analysis, and study of pathogenesis. Interaction and succession between neurologists, pediatricians, oncologists, as well as oncological alertness on all stages of patient management are crucial for diagnosis and choosing treatment tactics.