METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE NUMBER OF IOT SENSORS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS

Topicality. The rapid growth of environmental threats requires effective environmental monitoring systems. IoT sensors provide continuous real-time data collection. Correct calculation of the number of sensors increases the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring. Excessive number of sensors increases the cost and energy consumption of the system. Therefore, developing an approach to determining the number of sensors is critical for optimizing the IoT ecosystem. The subject of study in the article is methods for determining the composition of sensor networks of environmental monitoring systems. The purpose of the article is to develop a method for determining the required number of IoT sensors to support an environmental monitoring system. The following results were obtained. The general structure of the environmental monitoring system is determined. Its feature is the division of the monitoring zone into autonomous sections. Each section during the time window is served by an autonomous cluster of the system. The cluster has a certain number of channels of the same type for receiving readings from active IoT sensors. A mathematical model of the process of transmitting event messages has been devised. Based on the model, an approach to determining the average number of successfully transmitted messages about one event has been proposed.. This indicator is chosen as a criterion for the quality of the sensor network. An approximate formula for calculating the required number of sensors in the monitoring system is proven. Conclusions. The proposed method allows you to quickly obtain the required number of IoT sensors to support the environmental monitoring system. The deviation of the calculated number of sensors from the optimal does not exceed 3%. The direction of further research concerns the removal of the restriction on the full coverage of the monitoring area.