Analysis of karst groundwater runoff conditions based on statistics and reverse hydrogeochemical modeling methods

Abstract Karst groundwater is widely distributed in China, and karst water resources are the main source of water for human life, industry and agriculture. In order to scientifically understand and rationally exploit karst groundwater, it is necessary to analyze the runoff conditions of karst groundwater. This study comprehensively applied statistical methods, Shukalev classification, reverse hydrogeochemical modeling, and Kriging interpolation in ArcGIS to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and runoff conditions of the three karst groundwater runoff zones in the Fengfeng mining area. The results show that: (1) The hydrochemical type in the study area is mainly HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg type, and the eastern region changes greatly, while the western region changes little; (2) There are differences in the hydrogeochemical processes occurring in different runoff zones, and the groundwater flow field and geological structures play a significant controlling role in the hydrogeochemical reactions of the karst groundwater; (3) The runoff conditions derived from hydrogeochemical methods are consistent with existing geological data, indicating that this method is suitable for identifying groundwater runoff conditions. In this study, the hydrogeochemical reaction of karst groundwater in the flow process is quantitatively evaluated from the spatial point of view, and the runoff conditions of different runoff zones are analyzed, so as to provide new methods and new ideas for the determination of groundwater runoff conditions.