Analysis of Primary Lower Segment Caesarean Section Using the Robson 10-Group Classification System (RTGCS)

Objective: To determine the frequency of primary lower segment cesarean section in term pregnancies using the Robson 10-group classification system (RTGCS) at a tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Gynae and Obstetrics, from February 2022, to August 2022, at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. All the women with term singleton and cephalic fetus pregnancy aged 20-45 years, who were scheduled for deliveries of either parity and booking status were included. Patients were categorized into Robson 10-group classification system using Modified Robson criteria. The patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section and their indications was noted. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Overall maternal mean age was 28.97±3.65 years. Lower segment cesarean section was noted in 39 (25.2%) patients. A significant association of Robson group was observed with lower segment cesarean section (p-value 0.003). As per indications the fetal distress was observed in 12 (30.8%), failed induction of labor in 6 (15.4%), Cephalo-pelvic disproportion 11 (28.2%), failure to progress in 8 (20.5%), whereas maternal wish in 3 (7.7%) patients. Conclusion: Primary lower segment cesarean section was observed in 25.2%. Based on RTGCS, findings observed that the rates of c-sections vary significantly across term pregnancies, with Group 2 contributing the highest proportion of primary LSCS.