Heart Failure With Preserved 
Ejection Fraction

Abstract Heart failure affects nearly 6 million Americans and represents the leading cause of hospitalization among patients aged 65 years and older. Of the total heart failure population, approximately 50% have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction relative to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, or “systolic” heart failure, is increasing at an alarming rate of 1% per year. With the population of developed countries aging overall, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction will become the most common form of heart failure in the next 2 decades. In contrast to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, in which abundant trial evidence is available to guide diagnosis and treatment, evidence-based data to guide optimal management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction are more limited.