RISIKO LINGKUNGAN FISIK TERHADAP KEJADIAN MALARIA DI WILAYAH DANAU SENTANI, KABUPATEN JAYAPURA, PROVINSI PAPUA (Physical Environment Risk to The Incidence of Malaria in The Region of Sentani Lake, Jayapura District, Papua Province)

Abstrak Kejadian malaria di Indonesia merupakan persoalan kesehatan yang utama. Di Provinsi Papua, khususnya di wilayah Danau Sentani, prevalensi kejadian malaria masih menunjukkan angka yang tinggi. Kejadian ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor di antaranya adalah faktor lingkungan fisik. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan antara faktor risiko lingkungan fisik yang terdiri dari suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan, kondisi air, ketinggian, lahan, dan kondisi tempat tinggal dengan kejadian malaria di wilayah Danau Sentani. Observasi analitik yang dilaksanakan di empat kampung di wilayah Distrik Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura yaitu Kampung Yoboi/Kehiran, Kampung Hobong, Ifar Besar, dan Ifale. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh penduduk di Distrik Sentani. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 200 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random. Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara kuesioner, observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis bivariate, uji statistik Chi-Square, dan uji regresi logistik. Faktor lingkungan fisik memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kajadian malaria, dengan nilai Chi-Square sebesar 7,531 (p = 0.006 <0,05), rasio regresi logistik dengan nilai OR sebesar 4,132 (p = 0,009 > 0,05). Lingkungan fisik yang terdiri dari suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan, kondisi air, ketinggian, lahan, dan kondisi tempat tinggal mempengaruhi kejadian malaria di wilayah Danau SentaniAbstractThe incidence of malaria represented serious health problem in Indonesia. In Papua province, especially in the area of Sentani Lake, the prevalence of malaria was still high. It was influenced by various physical environmental factors. The study aimed at identifying and analyzing the correlation between physical environment and the incidence of malaria in the region of Sentani Lake. It was an observational and analytic study conducted in four villages in the area of Sentani district, Jayapura, which were Yoboi/Kehiran, Hobong, Ifar Besar and Ifale. Its population was all of the residents of Sentani district and there were 200 individuals randomly drawn as samples. Data were collected using questionnaires, observation, documentation, and interviews. The data were analyzed using bivariate analysis, Chi-Square statistic test, and logistic regression. The results showed that the physical environmental factors and the incidence of malaria were significantly correlated with the Chi-Square value of 7.531 (p = 0.006 < 0.05) and the regression ratio OR of 4.132 (p = 0.009 > 0.05). The physical environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, rainfall, water condition, elevation, and living condition, had significant influence on the incidence of malaria in Sentani Lake region