The Revolution Settlement of 1689–1690

This chapter analyses the attempts of the Scottish convention of estates to solve the problems generated by James VII’s experimental rule and his revolutionary overthrow. It begins by assessing the reasons why the meeting of the convention in March 1689 led swiftly to a decisive victory for William of Orange’s monarchical ambitions. The chapter then examines the ‘revolution settlement’ proposed by the convention’s Claim of Right and Articles of Grievances. The appearance of an assertive political opposition ensured that it was not until the summer of 1690 that all aspects of the settlement were agreed. In the meantime, the overthrow of James had provoked a short civil war, which nevertheless had little impact on the revolution’s outcome.