Preparation of Nylon Based Magnetic Adsorption Materials and Their Adsorption Properties for Heavy Metal Ions

Abstract Wastewater containing heavy metal ions poses great harm to human health and the environment. The adsorption materials used in traditional adsorption methods, such as starch and cellulose, are prone to hydrolysis, causing secondary pollution to water bodies. Nylon@Fe3O4@PAA adsorption material is obtained by using nylon as a substrate, activating nylon with sodium carbonate/hydrochloric acid, depositing a Fe3O4 magnetic layer by coprecipitation, and grafting polyacrylic acid. The adsorption material is used to explore the effects of different conditions (adsorption material dosage, Cu2+ concentration, pH value, and adsorption time) on the adsorption efficiency, adsorption capacity, and total adsorption amount of copper ions through changing the adsorption conditions. The research results showed that the adsorption material dosage is 18.75 mg (suspension solution with a concentration of 62.5 mg/mL is added with 300 µL), the concentration of Cu2+ solution is 20.48 mg/L, the adsorption time is 60 min, and the pH value is 9. The optimal adsorption efficiency is 82.29%, the optimal adsorption capacity is 154.87mg/g, and the optimal total adsorption amount is 343.91 mg. After fitting thermodynamic and kinetic equations, the adsorption process of nylon@Fe3O4@PAA for Cu2+ ions dominated by chemical adsorption, with good adsorption rate and adsorption performance.