HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TISSUE REGENERATION DURING TREATING AN EXPERIMENTAL PLANE WOUND WITH GELS BASED ON THE LEAVES OF BLACK ALDER AND THE LEAVES OF GRAY ALDER

Objectives. To make a histological analysis of wound defects of the skin of rats during treatment with gels based on tinctures of black alder and gray alder leaves. Material and methods. For assessing the regenerative properties of black alder and gray alder leaves on a model of a planar full-thickness skin wound, we used 6 series of gels, which had been prepared previosly. Four series of phytogels: two of them containing tinctures of gray alder leaves (based on 30% and 70% ethyl alcohol) and two containing tinctures of black alder leaves (based on 30% and 60% ethyl alcohol). Two series without herbal tinctures served as a placebo. 5% dexpanthenol gel and Reparef-2 ointment were used as comparison drugs. The study was performed on 81 white male Wistar rats. The skin and subcutaneous tissue were excised from an area of the rats’ backs shaved from fur. The wounds were left open and beginning with the second day of the experiment they were treated daily once a day. Histological examination was carried out on the 5th, 9th and 13th days of the experiment. The material was collected by excision of scar tissue and the adjacent wound edge. The obtained material was fixed in 10% formaldehyde, dehydrated in alcohols of increasing density, embedded in paraffin, and then microslides were made from it, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results. The results of the morphological study showed that the phytogels used stimulate the proliferative and functional activity of granulation tissue cells. At the same time, the gel containing a tincture of black alder leaves based on 60% alcohol showed maximum effect. Conclusions. The dynamics of the morphological picture of wounds treated with phytogels and Reparef-2 ointment indicated their clearly expressed wound-healing effect, while the morphological characteristic of tissue defects treated with placebo gels corresponded to that in the control group.