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The Galls caused by Anguillulina balsamophila (Thorne) Goodey on the leaves of Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt. and Balsamorhiza sagittata Nutt

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The gall-forming nematode, Anguillulina balsamophila (Thorne) Goodey has been described by Thorne (1926) who figures a photograph of a galled leaf of Balsamorhiza sagittata. Thorne gives a brief description of the superficial appearance of the galled leaves and mentions that the heavily infested plants are often very stunted. He recorded the parasite on three hosts, two species of Balsam-root, Balsamorhiza sagittata Nutt., B. macrophylla Nutt. and Mule-ear, Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt. Later Steiner and Buhrer (1933) reported the parasite from the annual sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. collected and identified by W. D. Courtney. The detailed structure, however, of the gall has not so far been described and as suitable material was to hand, this paper is the result of some observations made on the gall structure.
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Title: The Galls caused by Anguillulina balsamophila (Thorne) Goodey on the leaves of Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt. and Balsamorhiza sagittata Nutt
Description:
The gall-forming nematode, Anguillulina balsamophila (Thorne) Goodey has been described by Thorne (1926) who figures a photograph of a galled leaf of Balsamorhiza sagittata.
Thorne gives a brief description of the superficial appearance of the galled leaves and mentions that the heavily infested plants are often very stunted.
He recorded the parasite on three hosts, two species of Balsam-root, Balsamorhiza sagittata Nutt.
, B.
macrophylla Nutt.
and Mule-ear, Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt.
Later Steiner and Buhrer (1933) reported the parasite from the annual sunflower, Helianthus annuus L.
collected and identified by W.
D.
Courtney.
The detailed structure, however, of the gall has not so far been described and as suitable material was to hand, this paper is the result of some observations made on the gall structure.

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