Integrating distribution and supply logistics: a systemic conceptual framework

This paper examines the conceptual, structural, and functional relationships between distribution logistics and supply logistics, two domains that are often perceived as synonymous despite their fundamentally different roles within the logistics chain. The study clarifies frequently used terms, defines their correct positioning within distribution and supply logistics, and analyses their interconnections in the context of material, information, and financial flows. Based on established scientific literature, professional standards, and practical project experience, the paper highlights the distinctions between distribution, physical distribution, physical supply, and distribution logistics as a system. It further explains the functions of distribution in value creation, harmonisation of supply and demand, and execution of essential operational activities, including transport, storage, regrouping, and customer service. The research emphasises the systemic integration of distribution and supply as inseparable parts of a single chain, driven by the potential difference between supply and demand. The paper also outlines the structural role of distribution channels, logistics channels, and acquisition and logistics distribution subsystems, illustrating how coordinated strategic and operational decisions influence the performance of the entire logistics system. By defining key terms and illustrating their relationships, the study contributes to a clearer conceptual framework for logistics professionals and supports more accurate use of logistics terminology in academic and practical environments. The proposed framework supports consistent terminology usage in logistics education, research, and practical system design.