Disease-Specific and Gender-Dependent Gut-Microbiome Features in Chinese Colon Polyps Patients

Abstract Background/Objectives Colon polyps (CP) is a chronic disease prevalent in the middle-aged adults. To improve the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CP incidence, we explored the disease-specific and gender-dependent features of gut-microbiome in Chinese CP patients. Methods We enrolled 124 CP patients (40 females and 84 males) that contain 89 single polyps cases and 35 multiple polyps cases. Their basic information, blood chemistry and gut microbiome were analyzed to find out disease-specific and gender-dependent features. Results We found that smaller blood platelet size was associated with multiple colon polyps type (χ2 p < 0.05). Less breakfast frequency and more alcohol intake showed logistic association with disadvantageous blood biochemistry, including serum triglyceride level, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and fasted blood glucose levels (Chi square p < 0.01). CP patients had significantly higher gut-microbiome diversity than alcoholic fatty liver diseases (n = 12) but less than that observed in the ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (n = 20). Bioinformatics analysis showed that CP gut-microbiome is linked with higher cancer risk than UC. The gut-microbiome of CP patients are featured by Prevotellaceae and Paraprevotellaceae. We further found that inflammatory/infectous related Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Erysipeltrichaceae were abundant in male CP patients, whereas neutral/beneficial Barnesiellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Odoribacteraceae and Rikenellaceae were abundant in female CP patients. Conclusion To summarize, gut-microbiome demonstrated to be highly gender-dependent and disease-specific in CP patients and our data provides valuable reference to the gut-microbiome centered treatment of CP patients of different genders.