EASTERN GATES OF THE MEDIEVAL SYGANAK:STRUCTURE AND FEATURES

The article summarizes the data of written sources about the medieval city of Syganak and the stages of the city's life. From the writings of medieval historians, travelers' reports, it is known about the location of the city and the political role of the city in the historical arena.Toclarify the information of written sources in the second half of the 19th century,Russian scientists visited there and specified the location of the city.In the 70s of the 20th century, members of the Otyrar archaeological expedition studied the topography of the city and marked its boundaries. For the first time, complex excavations at the settlement were carried out in 2003 by archaeologists of the International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi.According to scientists, the results of the excavations and the recovered material confirm the information from written sources about the stages of the life of the city. The article highlights and describes the features of the construction technology of the eastern gate and the fortress wall, as well as an analysis of the building material. A comparative analysis of the gates of other medieval cities in the region was also carried out and preliminary scientific conclusions were made. Based on the artifacts obtained during the excavations, the authors proposed the dating of the eastern gate and the fortress wall. The article analyzes the excavation plans, and summarizes the results of the excavation of the eastern gate.