Geriatric Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery: Institutional Experience from Khoula Hospital

Background: The aging of the healthy population without severe morbidity exposes them to cerebrovascular diseases and demand effective management. This study aimed to study the prevalence of geriatric cerebrovascular neurosurgical conditions in the Neurosurgical Department at Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Methods: A retrospective chart review of was done on geriatric cases admitted to the Neurosurgery Department in Khoula Hospital as an example of a neurosurgical center in a high-income developing country from January 2016 to 31st December 2019. Patients’ demographics, risk factors, diagnosis, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on arrival, medications used, and length of stay were recorded. Results: 109 patients aged over 65 years were recruited in our retrospective review with a mean age of 74.12 years. Male-to-female ratio was (1.2:1). Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was the most common vascular diagnosis (39.0%) followed by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (22.9%). Most patients (41.9%) had a GCS score of less than 8. About one-fifth of the patients received antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications. Most of the patients underwent surgical intervention (61.9%). 59% of the patients stayed in the hospital for less than 15 days. There were significant associations between the length of stay, treatment types (surgical vs. conservative), and age (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cerebrovascular pathologies are a growing cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide including developing countries because of the increasing number of elderly people. Antiplatelet medication and anticoagulants should be used with caution in the elderly.