SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF ECOTOURISM RESOURCE POTENTIAL IN THE MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS OF SURKHANDARYA, UZBEKISTAN

This study comprehensively assesses the ecotourism potential of Surkhandarya region, Uzbekistan, utilizing a multivariate criterion approach to evaluate its suitability for sustainable tourism development. Surkhandarya, characterized by approximately 70% mountainous terrain and nestled among the Hisor, Boysun, Bobotog, and Ko‘hitang mountain ranges, is rich in natural, historical, and cultural assets. The region's diverse landscapes, which include hydrological features, geological formations, and biological diversity, present significant opportunities for ecotourism. However, despite the vast natural potential, the region faces challenges in infrastructure development and socio-economic engagement, hindering the full realization of its ecotourism prospects. This study applies the Ecotourism Potential Mapping and Assessment (ETPSMA) framework, which evaluates natural conditions, socio-economic factors, and infrastructural readiness, providing a clear picture of the region's current state and potential for ecotourism. The Boysun-Hisor zone emerged as having the highest potential, with rich natural resources and considerable community engagement, while the Bobotog zone showed limited potential due to infrastructural and socio-economic deficits. The Ko’hitang zone presented moderate potential, requiring targeted investments to enhance infrastructure and community participation. Recommendations for improvement include infrastructure enhancement, development of ecotourism routes, local community involvement, environmental education, and zoning for sustainable tourism practices. The study concludes that with strategic investments and policies, Surkhandarya could become a leading ecotourism destination, fostering both environmental conservation and socio-economic development. This research provides a solid foundation for the region's ecotourism strategy, aligning with global sustainable tourism principles.