The Evaluation of Prospis Farcta Fruit Nanoparticle to Conventional Sulfasalazine in The Treatment of Chemically Induced Colitis in Male Rats: A Comparative Study

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) lacks ideal treatments due to adverse effects of conventional drugs like sulfasalazine. Nano technology and plant-based therapies offers targeted drug delivery system, which might reducing side effects and dosing frequency. Prosopis farcta, a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, shows a hope for IBD therapy. This study evaluated the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zinc-O-NP) synthesized from P. farcta fruit extract in a rat model of colitis, compared to sulfasalazine. This study aimed at evaluation the efficacy of Zinc Oxide nanoparticle of watery extract of PP.F. fruit, in compared to sulfasalazine in the treatment of chemically induced colitis in rats. 69 male rats were divided in a random way to 6 groups, includes: positive control group (chemically induced colitis), negative control (placebo), and treatment groups which were treated after inducing colitis, and the treatment groups were treated as follow: with watery  extract of PP.F., Zinc-O-NP. of Prosopis farcta fruit, with combination of sulfasalazine and Zinc-O-NP. for watery extract of Prosopis farcta fruit and a group with sulfasalazine along. The therapeutic effects were assessed based on clinical signs, histopathological findings, and serum levels for (GSH, CAT and SOD). Results showed that Zinc-O-NP for watery extract of P. farcta significantly reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, outperforming sulfasalazine. The combination of nanoparticles with sulfasalazine further enhanced therapeutic effects. These findings suggest a potential safer and more effective approach to IBD treatment. The study showed the potential effect of Zinc-O-NP. of Prosopis farcta fruit in combination with sulfasalazine as promising therapeutic approach for IBD, offering enhanced efficacy and safety in compared to conventional treatments. Further research is needed to prove these findings and explore their clinical application in human IBD. Keywords: IBD, induced colitis, Zinc oxide-NP. of  PP.F.