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A small RNA pathway mediates global allelic dosage in endosperm
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Summary
Balance between maternal and paternal genomes within the triploid endosperm is necessary for normal seed development. The majority of genes in Arabidopsis endosperm are expressed in a 2:1 maternal:paternal ratio, reflecting endosperm genomic DNA content. Here we find that the 2:1 transcriptional ratio is not, unexpectedly, a passive default but is actively regulated. We describe an inverse relationship between the parent-of-origin of small RNAs and mRNAs in endosperm on a genome-wide scale. Disruption of the Pol IV small RNA pathway causes the entire transcriptome to become more maternally biased. Furthermore, paternal inheritance of a RNA Pol IV mutation is sufficient to rescue seed abortion caused by excess paternal genome dosage. These results indicate that maintenance of the maternal:paternal transcriptome ratio in endosperm is an active process and reveal a function for RNA Pol IV in mediating the global transcriptional balance between maternally and paternally inherited genomes in endosperm.
Title: A small RNA pathway mediates global allelic dosage in endosperm
Description:
Summary
Balance between maternal and paternal genomes within the triploid endosperm is necessary for normal seed development.
The majority of genes in Arabidopsis endosperm are expressed in a 2:1 maternal:paternal ratio, reflecting endosperm genomic DNA content.
Here we find that the 2:1 transcriptional ratio is not, unexpectedly, a passive default but is actively regulated.
We describe an inverse relationship between the parent-of-origin of small RNAs and mRNAs in endosperm on a genome-wide scale.
Disruption of the Pol IV small RNA pathway causes the entire transcriptome to become more maternally biased.
Furthermore, paternal inheritance of a RNA Pol IV mutation is sufficient to rescue seed abortion caused by excess paternal genome dosage.
These results indicate that maintenance of the maternal:paternal transcriptome ratio in endosperm is an active process and reveal a function for RNA Pol IV in mediating the global transcriptional balance between maternally and paternally inherited genomes in endosperm.
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