Prevalence and associated factors of baseline anemia among cervical cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Abstract Background Almost one patient with cancer in two is anemic. About 40 to 64% of cervical cancer patients are anemic at time of presentation. The rate of anemia increases with the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and associated with poorer treatment outcome and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess prevalence and associated factors of baseline anemia among cervical cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was done from March to April 2019 at TASH cancer center. Data were collected from patient’s chart using structured checklist and analyzed using Stata14.2. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify covariates which affected the outcome variable. Result This is a 3-years retrospective study from 2014 to 2016. The prevalence of baseline anemia among cervical cancer patients was 50.95%. Being stage IV [AOR = 2.38, 95% CI (1.21–4.67)], having comorbidity [AOR = 3.32, 95% CI (2.25–4.90)] and using substances (patients who used one, two or all of the three substances (cigarate, chat and alcohol)) [AOR = 2.03, 95% CI (1.21–3.41)] significantly increased the occurrence of anemia while being divorced [AOR = 0.6, 95% CI (0.36–0.98)] decreased the occurrence of anemia in the current study. Conclusion The prevalence of baseline anemia was high in the current study compared to other literatures. Significant factors of baseline anemia of cervical cancer in the current study were advanced stage (stage IV), presence of comorbidity, substance usage and being divorced (protective). The authors recommend that it is better to give special attention to those patients with the stated factors that could interfere treatment outcome.