Sepsis

Sepsis is common and has been the focus of recent large-scale, multi-centre trials internationally. Mortality rates have improved, largely due to a focus on early identification, key interventions, and close monitoring. Setting goals and resuscitation targets coupled with frequent reassessment is the essence of modern sepsis care. Retrieval services bring the intensive care unit to the patient. Specific conditions such as infective endocarditis, central nervous system infections, respiratory, gastrointestinal, abdominal, obstetric, and necrotizing soft tissue sepsis require special consideration. With newly emerging infections and increasing air travel, the importance of a travel history is emphasized. Sepsis in the immunocompromised host gets a special mention due to the complexity of patient, organism, and drug interactions. The chapter is completed by a table to guide empirical antibiotic choice.