Management of scorpion bite through Ayurveda: A case report

Abstract: Agadatantra, the branch of toxicology in Ayurveda, refers to various methods of eliminating toxins from the body that arises from animate, inanimate, and artificial poisons. Scorpion stings are a serious health concern in rural areas. In Agadatantra, the symptoms of scorpion sting are explained under Vrischika visha (~scorpion venom poisoning). The main characteristics of scorpion venom poisoning are Vahnivat dahanam (~burning sensation like fire), Kshipram urdhvarohanam (~quick spreading in an upward direction), Danshe ruja tishthati (~pain remains at bite site), Sadyah ati ruk (~instant severe pain), Danshashyavata (~brownish discoloration of bite site), and Dansha toda (~ pricking type of pain at bite site). This is a case report of a 24-year-old male, who had an episode of Vrischika damsha (~scorpion bite) and presented to the outpatient department with complaints of severe edema, pain and redness, and itching. The first line of management for scorpion stings is typically symptomatic including strong analgesics, which can be systemic (opiates or paracetamol) or localized (such as a cold compress). Antivenom is the specific treatment for scorpion envenomation that is used in conjunction with supportive measures. In Ayurveda classics, Hinguadi gulika is one of the formulations mentioned in Vrischikavisha prakarana, which has been referred to as the most potent Lepana (~anointment) for scorpion venom poisoning. In comparison to existing conventional treatment modalities, Hinguadi gulika lepana is a very simple and very cost-effective procedure. Hinguadi gulika was given in combination with Kulakadi kashaya which is widely practiced in all Visha (~poison) conditions. In the present case, Hinguadi gulika and Kulakadi kashayam have shown assuring results in the management of acute scorpion envenomation.