Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hyperuricemia in Guangming District, Shenzhen: An Observational Study from a District Hospital in 2020

Objective This study aimed to explore the prevalence of hyperuricemia among the general adult population in Shenzhen and to determine the risk factors of hyperuricemia. Methods A total of 9337 cases who underwent physical examination in The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University in 2020 were enrolled in this study. The binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine potential risk factors of hyperuricemia. Result The overall prevalence rate of hyperuricemia in the studied population was 40.5% (3783/9337). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of males was 52.8% (3046/5769) and the prevalence of females was 20.7% (737/3568). Moreover, among different age groups (≤29 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, and ≥60 years old), the prevalence rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (P<0.05). To further determine the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and hyperuricemia, the population with normal BMI was set as the control group. After controlling for gender and age, the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia in the overweight population increased by 1.799 times; and the prevalence rate in the obese and very obese population increased by 3.283 times and 3.830 times, respectively. Conclusion The data presented in this study demonstrated that the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia is high in Shenzhen, espeially in males. Moreover, the level of BMI is significantly linked to the prevalence of hyperuricemia. Therefore, early interventions should be carried out to address the high prevalence of hyperuricemia in male and obese populations.