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Canatoxin
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Abstract
Canatoxin is a powerful convulsant protein (MW, 115,000) present in seed of the Jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis. The compound is distinct from concanavalin A and canavanine, which are also present in this plant. Rats are reportedly 10-to 20-fold more sensitive to the toxic effects of canatoxin
than mice. Parenteral administration to either species in duces hypothermia, bradycardia, hypertension, and respi ratory distress followed by tonic convulsions (3). Levels of the neurotransmitters -y-aminobutyric acid, dopa mine, serotonin, and norepinephrine were unchanged in the CNS of treated animals (3), but rat brain synaptosomes revealed a concentration-and time-dependent increase of serotonin and dopamine release that could be blocked by lipoxygenase inhibitors (2). Subconvulsant doses of canatoxin produce hypoxemia, metabolic alkalosis, and long lasting hypoglycemia in vivo (4). Hypoglycemia may reflect increased insulin secretion induced by canatoxin (4). The relationship between seizure activity and changes in car bohydrate metabolism is unclear (5,6). In rabbit skeletal muscle, canatoxin interacts dose-dependently with the Ca2+ pump; it uncouples Ca2+ uptake from Ca2+ -dependent ATP hydrolysis (1 ).
Title: Canatoxin
Description:
Abstract
Canatoxin is a powerful convulsant protein (MW, 115,000) present in seed of the Jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis.
The compound is distinct from concanavalin A and canavanine, which are also present in this plant.
Rats are reportedly 10-to 20-fold more sensitive to the toxic effects of canatoxin
than mice.
Parenteral administration to either species in duces hypothermia, bradycardia, hypertension, and respi ratory distress followed by tonic convulsions (3).
Levels of the neurotransmitters -y-aminobutyric acid, dopa mine, serotonin, and norepinephrine were unchanged in the CNS of treated animals (3), but rat brain synaptosomes revealed a concentration-and time-dependent increase of serotonin and dopamine release that could be blocked by lipoxygenase inhibitors (2).
Subconvulsant doses of canatoxin produce hypoxemia, metabolic alkalosis, and long lasting hypoglycemia in vivo (4).
Hypoglycemia may reflect increased insulin secretion induced by canatoxin (4).
The relationship between seizure activity and changes in car bohydrate metabolism is unclear (5,6).
In rabbit skeletal muscle, canatoxin interacts dose-dependently with the Ca2+ pump; it uncouples Ca2+ uptake from Ca2+ -dependent ATP hydrolysis (1 ).